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In a world, scientists first demonstrated a mysterious phenomenon in Quantum calculations This could pave the way to malfunction-resistant machines that are far more powerful than any supercomputer.
The process called the “distillation of the magical state” was the first Suggested 20 years agoBut its use in logically has avoided scientists since then. It has long been considered decisive for the production of high quality resources known as “magical conditions” needed to fulfill the full potential of quantum computers.
Magical conditions are quantum conditions prepared in advance, which are then consumed as resources from the most complex quantum algorithms. Without these resources, quantum computers cannot benefit from the strange laws of Quantum mechanics for parallel processing of information.
Meanwhile, the distillation of Magic State is a filtration process through which the highest quality magical conditions are “purified”, so they can be used by the most complex quantum algorithms.
This process is so far possible in ordinary, errors, physically cubes, but not logically cubes physically cubes, which share the same data and are configured to detect and correct the errors that often violate quantum computing operations.
As the distillation of the magical status in logical cubes has not been possible so far, quantum computers that use logically cubes have not been theoretically capable of ahead of classic machines.
Related: What is Quantum Superposition and what does it mean for quantum calculations?
Now, however, Quera scientists say they have demonstrated distillation of Magic State for the first time in logical cubes. They outlined their discoveries in a new study published on July 14 in the magazine NatureS
“Quantum computers would not be able to fulfill their promise without this process of distillation of the magic status. This is a necessary milestone.” Yuval bogerCEO QUERA, Live Science told an interview. Boder did not personally participate in the study.
The road to quantum calculations of damage resistance
Quantum computers use cubes As their building blocks, they also use quantum logic – a set of rules and operations that regulate how quantum information is processed – to perform algorithms and process data. But the challenge is to perform incredibly complex algorithms, while maintaining incredibly low errors.
The problem is that physical cubes are inherently “noisy”, which means that calculations are often disturbed by factors such as temperature changes and electromagnetic radiation. That is why so many research is focused on Quantum correction of errors (QEC).
Reducing errors – which appear at a speed of 1 per 1000 in cubes against 1 in 1 million, millions in conventional bits – prevents interruptions and allows calculations to occur at rates. This is where the logically enters.
“In order for quantum computers to be useful, they need to perform quite long and sophisticated calculations. If the degree of error is too high, then this calculation quickly becomes porridge or useless data,” the study by the lead author of the study of the study Serchio songVice President of Quantum Systems in Quera, Live Science told an interview. “The whole goal of correcting errors is to reduce this percentage of errors so you can safely make a million calculations.”
Logical cubes are collections of entangled physical cubes who share the same information and are based on the principle of shortening. If one or more physically cubes in a logical kabi fail, the calculation is not disturbed because the information exists elsewhere.
But the logical cubes are extremely limited, scientists said, as the codes for correction of errors applied to them can only perform “Clifford Gates”-basic operations in quantum schemes. These operations are fundamental to quantum chains, but they are so basic that they can be simulated on any supercomputer.
Only by registering high quality magical states can scientists manage “non-cliff gates” and participate in true parallel processing. But generating them is extremely intense and expensive and has been unattainable in the logical cubes so far.
Essentially, relying solely on distillation of a magical state of physically cubes would never lead to Quantum advantageS For this, we must directly distill the magical states into logical cubes.
Magic countries make the way for opportunities beyond supercompanity
“The magical states allow us to expand the number and type of operations we can do. So virtually every quantum algorithm that is of value will require magical states,” said Cantou.
The generation of magical conditions in physical cubes, as we did, is a mixed bag-there are low quality and high quality magical states-and they need to be sophisticated. Only then can they nourish the most powerful programs and quantum algorithms.
In the study, using The quantum computer with a neutral twin atomScientists have distilled five imperfect magical states in one, more magical condition. They filled this separately at a distance-3 and a distance-5 logical cubic meter, demonstrating that it is scaled by the quality of the logical cubes.
“The bigger distance means better logical cubes. Distance-2, for example, means you can find an error but not correct it. Distance-3 means that you can find and correct one error. The distance-5 would mean that you can find and correct up to two errors, etc.,” Boder explained. “So the greater the distance, the greater the fidelity of the Kubita -and we liken it to the distillation of raw oil into jet fuel.”
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As a result of the distillation process, the faithfulness of the final magical state exceeds that of each contribution. This proved that the distillation of magical countries resistant to damage has worked in practice, scientists said. This means that the quantum computer, which uses both logically cubes and high quality magic conditions to start non -clamp gates, is already possible.
“We see some change from a few years ago,” Bodzer said. “The challenge was: Can quantum computers be built? Then can this be detected and corrected errors? We and Google and others have shown that yes, this can be done. Now it’s about: can we make these computers really useful? And make a computer really useful, you want to start.